Mars

Roman tradition. See the whole pantheon.

Domains
war, agriculture, the father of Romulus
Symbols and attributes
Spear; wolf; woodpecker
Parents (per the sources used)
Juno
Giacomo Caneva, photograph of a statue of Jupiter in the Campana collection, 1850s.
Giacomo Caneva, photograph of a statue of Jupiter in the Campana collection, 1850s.

Key myth

Father of Romulus and Remus by Rhea Silvia in Livy, and second only to Jupiter in importance. March, the first month of the old year, is named for him.

Where sources differ or caution applies. Ovid's Fasti makes him the son of Juno alone, conceived with a flower; others give Jupiter as father.

Greek counterpart: Ares on thegreekgods.org. Roman and Greek versions share names and stories in many places but began as different cults.

Primary sources

  • Livy I.4
  • Ovid, Fasti V

All sources for the Roman pantheon

Lineage in the sources used: Juno, Saturn, Ops.

Place in the family graph

Choose a deity to see where it comes from. Dashed lines are links the sources describe that are not parent and child.

SaturnOpsJanusJupiterJunoNeptunePluto / Dis PaterCeresVestaQuirinusMinervaApolloDianaMercuryBacchus / LiberMarsVulcanVenus

More traditions

Elsewhere in the world

Deities in other traditions who share a theme with Mars: war and fighting. This is overlap in one area only.

Norse

Odin

wisdom, poetry, war

Norse

Thor

thunder, protection of gods and people, strength

Norse

Freyja

love, desire, magic (seiðr)

Norse

Týr

law, oaths, war

Egyptian

Seth

storm, desert, chaos

Egyptian

Horus

kingship, sky

Egyptian

Sekhmet

war, plague, healing

Mesopotamian

Enlil

wind, command, the fates of cities

Compare across cultures