Giacomo Caneva, photograph of a statue of Jupiter in the Campana collection, 1850s.
Key myth
Father of Romulus and Remus by Rhea Silvia in Livy, and second only to Jupiter in importance. March, the first month of the old year, is named for him.
Where sources differ or caution applies. Ovid's Fasti makes him the son of Juno alone, conceived with a flower; others give Jupiter as father.
Greek counterpart: Ares on thegreekgods.org. Roman and Greek versions share names and stories in many places but began as different cults.